Plants in the Hortus
Many of the plants described here were listed in the catalogues of plants published by Sir William Macarthur in 1843, 1845, 1850 and 1857 and in an unpublished catalogue dated 1861. A large number of additional plants were identified from correspondence, gardening notebooks and other documents surviving in the archives. The Hortus attempts to describe all the plants grown in the gardens at Camden Park and those grown in horticultural enterprises such as orchards and vineyards and includes plants grown outside the gardens in the park-like environs of the Camden Park estate. The Hortus plants served a wide range of purposes in the 19th century household; as ornament, living fences, fibre, dyestuffs, medicines, food and drink from the garden, orchard and vineyard and many others.
Jasminum officinale L.
Frost-hardy, vigorous, twining, woody, semi-deciduous climber with opposite, pinnate leaves, composed of 5-9 leaflets to 6cm long, and terminal umbel-like cymes of salverform, very fragrant white flowers, to 2cm across, in summer and autumn. To 12m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Jasminum officinale L. var. grandiflorum Kab.
See Jasminum officinale L. for more information on the species. More shrubby and robust than the type grandiflorum has larger, pink-tinged white flowers, to 4cm across. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Jasminum pubescens Willd.
Frost-tender, climbing or straggling evergreen shrub with opposite, ovate, downy leaves and dense clusters of large, often double white, fragrant flowers in the cooler seasons. [RHSD, Hortus].
Jasminum rigidum Zenk.
Stiff shrub with ovate, leathery leaves and few-flowered cymes of fragrant white flowers. [Hortus].
Jasminum sambac ‘Grand Duke of Tuscany’
A cultivar of Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait. The species is a frost-tender, evergreen twining climber or scrambler of bushy growth, with lustrous leaves in whorls of 3 or opposite, and small cymes of 3-12 salverform, strongly-scented white flowers, 2.5cm across, fading to pink, mainly in summer. ‘Grand duke of Tuscany’ has double flowers, like miniature gardenias. To 3m. [RHSE].
Jasminum volubile Jacq.
Half-hardy, slender evergreen climber with ovate, glossy, privet-like leaflets, a profuse flowerer with fragrant white flowers. [Hortus, FNSW, Don].
Juanulloa mexicana (Schldl.) Miers
Frost tender, epiphytic shrub, becoming scandent with age, with elliptic leaves, to 20cm long, woolly beneath, and short racemes of semi-pendant, tubular orange flowers, to 5cm long, in summer. To 2m or more. Although epiphytic on trees and rocks in its native habitat it will grow well in pots. [RHSE].
Jubaea chilensis Baill.
Hardy, large palm with a distinctive columnar, grey trunk, which may be 2m or more in diameter and feathery, spreading fronds. It produces long spathes which split to reveal numerous small, whitish flowers follwed by distinctive orange fruits. Both the fruits and the kernels within resemble small coconuts. To 25m. [RHSD, Hortus, Jones – Palms].
Juglans regia L.
Fully hardy, spreading tree with pinnate, aromatic leaves, to 30cm long, composed of up to 9 leaflets, bronze-purple when young, and edible nuts, to 5cm long. To 30m. [RHSD, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Juniperus bermudiana L.
Half-hardy, densely branched, pyramidal tree with maroon-brown bark, tetragonal branches with rigid branchlets, 4-ranked ovate leaves, and small, violet cones. To 15m. [RHSD, Hortus].
Juniperus chinensis L.
Fully-hardy, evergreen, ovoid-conical tree with brown, peeling bark, pointed juvenile leaves, in pairs or threes, diamond-shaped adult leaves, in 4 ranks, flat along the stems, with a pungent smell, and violet-brown fruit. To 20m. There are many garden forms. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Juniperus communis L. var. cracovia
Juniperus communis is a hardy, variable, evergreen, spreading shrub to small, columnar tree, with sharp pointed leaves borne in threes, with white bands on the inner faces, and ovoid fruit, green ripening to blue over 3 years. To 6m. The type species is widespread in the northern hemisphere. The variety cracovia is is an erect, robust variety with pendulous, terminal branchlets from Poland. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Juniperus communis L. var. hibernica
See Juniperus communis L. var. cracovia for a general description of the species. The form hibernica is a very slow growing, slender, evergreen, spindle-shaped, columnar shrub or small tree with dense foliage, the branchlets somewhat pendant at the tips. To 5m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Juniperus excelsa M.Bieb.
Fully-hardy, evergreen, conical or loosely columnar shrub or small tree, with tiny greyish leaves on slender branches and pendulous branchlets, and rounded, purplish-brown fruit ripening over 2 years. To 12m. [RHSD, Hortus, Hilliers’].
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