Plants in the Hortus
Many of the plants described here were listed in the catalogues of plants published by Sir William Macarthur in 1843, 1845, 1850 and 1857 and in an unpublished catalogue dated 1861. A large number of additional plants were identified from correspondence, gardening notebooks and other documents surviving in the archives. The Hortus attempts to describe all the plants grown in the gardens at Camden Park and those grown in horticultural enterprises such as orchards and vineyards and includes plants grown outside the gardens in the park-like environs of the Camden Park estate. The Hortus plants served a wide range of purposes in the 19th century household; as ornament, living fences, fibre, dyestuffs, medicines, food and drink from the garden, orchard and vineyard and many others.
Juniperus horizontalis Moench.
Fully-hardy, prostrate, creeping, evergreen shrub with sharp-pointed juvenile leaves in pairs or threes, scale-like adult leaves, lying flat along the shoots in 4 rows, and ovoid, dark blue fruit. To 30cm by indefinite. There are many garden forms. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Juniperus oxycedrus L.
Fully-hardy, variable, evergreen shrub or small tree with an open, drooping habit, pointed leaves, white-banded beneath, in threes, and reddish-brown, ovoid fruit, ripening over 2 years. To about 6m. [RHSD, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Juniperus phoenicea L.
Fully-hardy, dense, rounded or broadly conical evergreen shrub or small tree, with rounded fruits, ripening over 2 years. To about 6m. [RHSD, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Juniperus recurva Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
Fully-hardy, variable, conical or broadly columnar, evergreen tree with stringy, shaggy bark, pendulous sprays of wedge-shaped leaves, to 7mm long, in threes, pointing forwards, and spherical greenish-brown to black fruit. To 10m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Juniperus sabina L. var. tamariscifolia Ait.
Fully-hardy, low growing, vigorous, evergreen shrub with horizontal tiers of spreading, short, sharply pointed, mainly juvenile leaves, borne in pairs or threes and bright green. To 2m. Tamariscifolia is a naturally occurring variety of Juniperus sabina from the mountains of southern Europe. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Juniperus virginiana L.
Fully-hardy, evergreen conical or columnar tree with spreading branches, peeling bark, pointed, wedge-shaped juvenile leaves, diamond-shaped, scale-like adult leaves, and ovoid, brownish fruit ripening in the first year. To 30m. There are numerous garden forms. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Justicia adhatoda L.
Frost tender, usually erect and sparsely branched, evergreen shrub, spreading with age, with elliptic leaves, to 20cm long, and terminal or axillary spikes of tubular-bell-shaped, 2-lipped white flowers, veined red-purple, to 3cm long, mainly in summer. To 3m. [RHSE].
Justicia carnea Lindl.
Frost tender, erect, sparsely-branched, evergreen shrub with oblong leaves, to 25cm long, and dense, terminal and axillary spikes, to 15cm long, of tubular, 2-lipped, pinkish flowers, to 5cm long, in summer and autumn. To 2m. [RHSE].
Justicia carthaginensis Jacq.
Frost tender evergreen shrub with purple flowers. To 50cm. ‘A native of the West Indies, whence it was introduced into this country a few years since. The blossoms are very beautiful, and of a colour not to be imitated in brightness: they come out with us in the beginning of winter, which of course renders them the more welcome. It is necessary to preserve it in the stove at all times: it increases freely by cuttings, which should be potted in loam, and in smallish pots, as it is not a very large plant.’ [LBC no.724/1823]
Justicia sericea Ruiz & Pav.
Herbaceous plant with pointed oblong leaves and terminal spikes of downy red flowers. [RHSD].
Justicia species unidentified [1]
An unidentified species of Justicia or a related genus. See Justicia carnea Lindl. for more information.
Justicia species unidentified [2]
An unidentified species of Justicia or a related genus. See Justicia carnea Lindl. for more information.
Justicia spicigera Schltdl.
Evergreen shrub with large glossy leaves and tubular crimson to orange flowers in one-sided terminal and axillary panicles. [RHSE, Hortus].
Justicia splendens Hort.
I have been unable to identify a plant of this name. It is probably a nursery name for one of the more commonly grown species such as Justicia carnea Lindl., which see. The only reference to a plant of this name I have found is in the San Francisco Municipal Reports for 1994-95 [web sources]. The name is listed among plants grown in the Conservatory, together with Justicia carnea, without further clarification.
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