Plants in the Hortus
Many of the plants described here were listed in the catalogues of plants published by Sir William Macarthur in 1843, 1845, 1850 and 1857 and in an unpublished catalogue dated 1861. A large number of additional plants were identified from correspondence, gardening notebooks and other documents surviving in the archives. The Hortus attempts to describe all the plants grown in the gardens at Camden Park and those grown in horticultural enterprises such as orchards and vineyards and includes plants grown outside the gardens in the park-like environs of the Camden Park estate. The Hortus plants served a wide range of purposes in the 19th century household; as ornament, living fences, fibre, dyestuffs, medicines, food and drink from the garden, orchard and vineyard and many others.
Tritonia squalida (Ait.) Ker-Gawl.
Cormous perennial with linear leaves and sweetly scented, widely funnel-shaped flowers, pink-flushed to deep mauve-pink or purple, sometimes almost white, with darker veins. [RHSD, CECB, Grey].
Tropaeolum azureum Miers
Half-hardy perennial climber with an ovoid tuber, 5-9 palmate leaves and short-spurred, sky-blue flowers with whitish cream or yellow centres in spring. To 1m. [RHSE].
Tropaeolum majus L.
Frost-tender annual scrambler or climber with rounded to kidney-shaped leaves and long-spurred, orange, red or yellow flowers from summer to autumn. To 3m. There are many garden cultivars and hybrids. The leaves, flowers and unripe seeds are all edible. [RHSE, Hortus].
Tropaeolum pentaphyllum Lam.
Half-hardy, tuberous rooted, perennial climber with 5-lobed leaves, purple stems, and pendant masses of long-spurred vermilion and purple flowers, to 3cm long, in summer. To 6m. [RHSD, Hortus].
Tropaeolum peregrinum L.
Frost-tender, strong-growing, annual climber with 5-lobed leaves and hook-spurred, bright yellow flowers, resembling tiny birds wings, from summer to autumn. To 4m. [RHSE, Hortus].
Tropaeolum tricolor Sweet
Half-hardy, tuberous-rooted, perennial climber with very slender stems and spurred, vermilion, purple and yellow flowers from winter to summer. To 2m. [RHSE, Hortus].
Tsuga dumosa Eich.
Frost-tender large shrub or tree with gracefully drooping branches, tapering leaves, to 3cm, marked with 2 vivid silvery-white bands beneath, and ovoid cones, to 2.5cm. To 20m. [RHSD, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Tulipa cultivars Hort.
Hybrid tulips descended from the original tulips introduced into European gardens since about 1554, but often known in Macarthur’s time as Tulipa gesneriana, the ‘Garden tulip’. Tulips are bulbous plants with linear to broadly ovate leaves and, in most garden forms, a single cup-shaped flower in a range of colours, each flower consisting of 6 tepals in single varieties. Double forms are also grown. The only plant specifically mentioned in the record had yellow flowers.
Turnera ulmifolia L.
Frost tender subshrub with lance-shaped leaves, to 10cm, often serrated or crinkled, with very showy but short-lived bright yellow flowers, sometimes flushed red or maroon at the base. To 70cm. [RHSD].
Tweedia coerulea D.Don ex Sweet
Frost tender, erect, evergreen subshrub with twining, hairy stems, lance-shaped downy leaves, to 10cm long, and 3- or 4-flowered cymes of oblong-petalled, sky-blue flowers, to 2.5cm across, ageing to purple, in summer and autumn. To 1m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Ulex europaeus L.
Fully hardy bushy shrub with spine-tipped green shoots, rigid, spine-like leaves, to 2.5cm long, and solitary, axillary pea-like bright yellow flowers, to 2cm long, mainly in the spring. To 2.5m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Ulmus glabra Huds.
Fully hardy, rounded deciduous tree with obovate, toothed leaves, to 15cm long, lobed at the tips, turning yellow in autumn, and tiny red flowers in spring, followed by clustered, winged green fruit. To 40m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.
Fully hardy, spreading, deciduous or semi-evergreen tree with pendant shoots, flaking bark, marked orange brown, elliptic, toothed leaves, to 6cm long, sometimes turning colour in autumn, and tiny red flowers in summer and autumn, followed by small, winged green fruit. To 18m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Ulmus procera Salisb.
Fully hardy, large, broadly upright, deciduous tree with ovate, toothed leaves, to 10cm long, turning yellow in autumn, and tiny red flowers in spring, followed by winged green fruit, to 1.5cm across, rarely produced. It spreads mainly through suckers. To 40m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
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