Plants in the Hortus
Many of the plants described here were listed in the catalogues of plants published by Sir William Macarthur in 1843, 1845, 1850 and 1857 and in an unpublished catalogue dated 1861. A large number of additional plants were identified from correspondence, gardening notebooks and other documents surviving in the archives. The Hortus attempts to describe all the plants grown in the gardens at Camden Park and those grown in horticultural enterprises such as orchards and vineyards and includes plants grown outside the gardens in the park-like environs of the Camden Park estate. The Hortus plants served a wide range of purposes in the 19th century household; as ornament, living fences, fibre, dyestuffs, medicines, food and drink from the garden, orchard and vineyard and many others.
Oxalis flava L. var. lupinifolia
See Oxalis flava L. for detail. O. flava is a very variable species, lupinifolia having up to 7 narrow leaflets, resembling a lupin leaf. [RHSD].
Oxalis hirta L.
Variable, frost-hardy bulbous perennial with crowded, narrow leaflets and solitary, open funnel-shaped, white, red-pink or purple flowers with yellow throats in autumn and winter. To 30cm. [RHSE, Hortus].
Oxalis livida Jacq. var. livida Jacq.
No definitive description at present. Various internet sources illustrate a low growing species with 3-lobed leaves, the lobes rounded and indented at the apex, and bright yellow flowers, to 3cm across. However, the illustrations of Oxalis dentata in Jacquin’s Oxalis: Monographia Iconibus Illustrata (1794) and Oxalis lateriflora in Plantorum Rariorum Horti Caesarei Schoenbrunnensis (1797-1804) show a long-stemmed plant with similar leaves but flower spikes bearing up to 4 purplish-red flowers.
Oxalis mauritiana Lodd.
A bulbous perennial with trifoliate leaves and small pale red flowers, introduced to Britain in 1810. [Don, LBC no.1780/1831].
Oxalis obtusa Jacq.
Bulbous perennial which grows to about 15cm and bears copper-coloured flowers. ‘The leaves are cordate, shorter than the peduncle, which has two small linear bractes, about an inch below the flower. The outer edges of the segments are of a deeper colour, which gives the bud a very pleasing appearance. Several flowers are produced in succession from a single bulb, lasting a good while, but require sunshine and warmth to open them.’ [LBC no.824/1824].
Oxalis palustris St. Hil.
Frost-tender bulbous perennial with 3 leaflets, somewhat triangular, with rounded sides, somewhat like the wings of a butterfly, and umbels of many purple flowers. To 8cm. [Don, LBC no.1551/1831].
Oxalis pes-caprae L.
Frost-hardy perennial with erect to spreading and crowded, succulent leaves, consisting of 3, bilobed leaflets, usually covered with brown spots, and umbels of up to 20, drooping, bright yellow flowers, to 2.5cm across, in spring and summer. To 30cm. Mainly winter flowering and summer dormant in the Camden area. [RHSD, FNSW, Beadle].
Oxalis rosea Jacq.
Frost-tender to half-hardy erect-stemmed annual with leaves composed of 3 leaflets, to 1cm long, pale green, occasionally reddened beneath, and lax, bifurcating cymes of up to 3 pink flowers, to 1.5cm across, with darker veins and a white throat, rarely entirely white, in spring. To 20cm. [RHSD].
Oxalis tenuifolia Jacq.
A bulbous perennial with erect, slender stems with dense rosettes of leaves in the upper part, each leaf composed of 3 leaflets, somewhat folded and with a rolled edge, and solitary purple to white flowers, to 3cm across, with purple margins and yellow throats, in winter. [RHSD].
Oxalis tetraphylla Cav.
Frost-hardy clump-forming perennial with leaves consisting of 4 roughly inversely-triangular leaflets, usually purple at the base, and loose, umbel-like cymes of 4-12 funnel-shaped, reddish-purple flowers, with greenish yellow throats in spring and summer. [RHSE, Hortus]. Oxalis deppei and O. tetraphylla, generally regarded as synonymous are sometimes treated as separate, but very similar species from Mexico. For convenience they are treated separately here. See Oxalis deppei Schlecht. ex Hemsl. for more information.
Oxalis versicolor L.
Half-hardy clump-forming bulbous perennial with three narrow leaflets and a profusion of solitary, funnel-shaped white flowers, crimson-margined on the reverse and crimson-striped in the bud, from late summer to winter. To 8cm, spreading. [RHSE].
Oxydendrum arboreum DC.
Large deciduous shrub or small tree, the lance-shaped leaves producing brilliant crimson and yellow autumn colour, the white flowers produced in terminal drooping racemes in summer. The leaves have a pleasant scent. Usually to c.6m in cultivation, taller in the wild. [RHSD, Hilliers’, Hortus].
Pachystachys coccinea (Aubl.) Nees
Frost tender, erect shrub with robust, simple or sparsely-branched stems, slightly wrinkled, heavily veined, elliptic leaves, and terminal spikes of tubular, 2-lipped scarlet flowers, with pale green bracts, to 15cm long, in winter. To 2m. [RHSE].
Paeonia fimbriata Hort.Angl. ex Sabine
Probably the same plant as ‘Paeonia paradoxa fimbriata’ of the catalogues. See Paeonia officinalis L. ssp. villosa (Huth.) Cullen & Heyw. for details.
Paeonia lactiflora Pall. var. fragrans
Fully-hardy herbaceous perennial with erect stems and dark green leaves and, in summer, usually solitary, double, cup- or bowl-shaped, fragrant, rose-coloured flowers. To 70cm. [RHSE, Hortus].
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