Plants in the Hortus
Many of the plants described here were listed in the catalogues of plants published by Sir William Macarthur in 1843, 1845, 1850 and 1857 and in an unpublished catalogue dated 1861. A large number of additional plants were identified from correspondence, gardening notebooks and other documents surviving in the archives. The Hortus attempts to describe all the plants grown in the gardens at Camden Park and those grown in horticultural enterprises such as orchards and vineyards and includes plants grown outside the gardens in the park-like environs of the Camden Park estate. The Hortus plants served a wide range of purposes in the 19th century household; as ornament, living fences, fibre, dyestuffs, medicines, food and drink from the garden, orchard and vineyard and many others.
Verbena x hybrida Barker’s ‘Saint Margaret’
A cultivar of Verbena x hybrida Hort. ex Vilm., the Florists’ Verbena. ‘A light scarlet-crimson, the centre being very distinctly tinged with the beautiful violet displayed in the flowers of the Cactus speciosissimus. The trusses of bloom are large, as is also the individual flower, which is of good substance and excellent in form.’ [FC p.245/1847]. One of the first of the improved verbenas, with widened lobes, more appropriate for the show bench. [FC p.30/1849].
Verbena x hybrida Hort. ex Vilm.
A race of bedding verbenas, derived primarily from Verbena teucrioides, V. incisa, V. peruviana and V. phlogifera, developed in the mid-19th century. They are erect and bushy, or spreading and mat-forming perennials, usually grown as annuals, with tight panicles of tiny, white, pink, red, yellow or purple-blue flowers, usually with a white eye, in summer and autumn. To 45cm. [RHSD]. The many varieties referred to here are most likely to be of this race.
Verbena x hybrida Manley’s ‘Victory’
A cultivar of Verbena x hybrida Hort. ex Vilm., the Florists’ Verbena. James Manley, Seedsman and Florist of Exeter, advertised his verbena ‘Victory’ in The Gardeners Chronicle describing it as ‘large dark scarlet, in the way of Atrosanguinea; but a great improvement in the eye; a good show flower.’ [Gard. Chron. 1847]. ‘Victory’ was included in Woods’ list of ‘rich-coloured varieties’, and he agreed with Manley’s assessment: ‘Victory takes the precedence of Atrosanguinea, solely in having a more prominent white eye.’ [Gard. Chron. 1848].
Verbena x hybrida Robinson’s ‘Defiance’
A cultivar of Verbena x hybrida Hort. ex Vilm., the Florists’ Verbena. ‘Of scarlets, decidedly the best yet is Robinson’s Defiance, a most splendid variety; already too well known to need describing.’ [Gard. Chron. 1848].
Verbena x hybrida Smith’s ‘Eliza’
A cultivar of Verbena x hybrida Hort. ex Vilm., the Florists’ Verbena. ‘Eliza [is an] exceedingly rich vermillion red.’ Woods [Gard. Chron. 1848]. George Smith of Islington, in an advertisement in The Gardeners Chronicle, described ‘Eliza’ (Smith) as ‘colour blush, with rosy-purple centre, eye pink, extra large truss, very attractive and fine habit.’ This appears to be a different plant. [Gard. Chron. 1851].
Verbena x hybrida Wynen’s ‘Princess Alice’
A cultivar of Verbena x hybrida Hort. ex Vilm., the Florists’ Verbena. White with a cherry-pink centre and large flower trusses, classified as an upright variety. [Gard. Chron. 1847, 1851]. ‘White, deep cherry centre, large and splendid flowers.’ A new variety for 1849. [Gard. Chron. 1849]. ‘Blush white with a distinct ray of bright rose around a white eye, giving the flower a very pretty appearance; truss large, individual flowers rather small, but of fair shape.’ [FC p.30/1849].
Verbena x hybrida Youlle’s ‘Speciosissima’
A cultivar of Verbena x hybrida Hort. ex Vilm., the Florists’ Verbena. Red. Youlle’s ‘Speciosissima’ was included in Wood’s list of ‘rich-coloured varieties.’ [Gard. Chron. 1848].
Verbena x hybrida Young’s ‘Brilliant’
A cultivar of Verbena x hybrida Hort. ex Vilm., the Florists’ Verbena. ‘Rich, bright scarlet, a fine variety for bedding, being a very free bloomer, and excellent habit.’ C. Turner, Royal Nursery, Slough. Advertisement in The Gardeners Chronicle. [Gard. Chron. 1849].
Verbena x hybrida Young’s ‘Royal Purple’
A cultivar of Verbena x hybrida Hort. ex Vilm., the Florists’ Verbena. ‘Deep purple, fine large flowers, good habit, good shape, and fine grower. It is particularly adapted for bedding, and is much deeper in colour than any other of its class.’ C. Turner, Royal Nursery, Slough. [Gard. Chron. 1849].
Veronica bidwillii Hook.
A procumbent veronica somewhat similar to Veronica nivea Hook.f., which see, but with larger leaves, the flowers white streaked with pink.
The identity of Macarthurs ‘Veronica sp. (New Zealand)’ is uncertain but is probably either Veronica nivea Hook.f., which see, or Veronica bidwillii Hook. described here.
Veronica grandis Fisch. ex Spreng.
Fully hardy herbaceous perennial with erect, hairy stems, opposite, lance-shaped, deeply toothed leaves, to 7.5cm long, and long spikes of white flowers. To 60cm. [RHSD, Hortus].
Veronica nivea Hook.f.
A dwarf, procumbent veronica with stout, leafy stems and white flowers.
The identity of Macarthurs ‘Veronica sp. (New Zealand)’ is uncertain but is probably either Veronica nivea Hook.f., described here, or Veronica bidwillii Hook. which see.
Veronica orientalis Wender.
Fully hardy, woody perennial with toothed, usually lance-shaped leaves, and one-sided axillary racemes of pink or blue flowers in summer. [RHSD, Hortus].
Veronica spicata L.
Fully hardy, mat-forming perennial with erect flower spikes with dense, pyramidal, terminal racemes of star-shaped bright blue flowers from early to late summer. Cultivars with white, pink and pale-blue flowers are also available. To 60cm. [RHSE, Hortus]. Veronica hybrida is now considered a form of Veronica spicata and is treated as such, Veronica spicata L. var. hybrida, in the Hortus.
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