Plants in the Hortus
Many of the plants described here were listed in the catalogues of plants published by Sir William Macarthur in 1843, 1845, 1850 and 1857 and in an unpublished catalogue dated 1861. A large number of additional plants were identified from correspondence, gardening notebooks and other documents surviving in the archives. The Hortus attempts to describe all the plants grown in the gardens at Camden Park and those grown in horticultural enterprises such as orchards and vineyards and includes plants grown outside the gardens in the park-like environs of the Camden Park estate. The Hortus plants served a wide range of purposes in the 19th century household; as ornament, living fences, fibre, dyestuffs, medicines, food and drink from the garden, orchard and vineyard and many others.
Quercus robur L. var. fastigiata
See Quercus robur L. for a description of the species. Quercus robur ‘Fastigiata’ is a large, imposing tree of columnar habit with upright branches and tapering leaves. [RHSD, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Quercus robur L. var. sessiliflora
Very similar to Quercus robur L. which see. It differs mainly in having distinctly stalked leaves and stalkless acorns. To 35m. [RHSD, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Quercus rugosa N
Small to moderate sized evergreen tree or shrub with scaly bark and large leaves, to 10cm long, serrated towards the end.
Quercus suber L.
Frost-hardy, rounded evergreen tree with thick, corky bark, oblong, toothed leaves, to 7cm long, and ovoid acorns. To 20m. [RHSE, Hortus Hilliers’]. The bark is the source of cork.
Quercus velutina Lam.
Fully-hardy, fast-growing, spreading, deciduous tree with ridged, almost black bark, elliptic, deeply-lobed leaves, to 25cm long, turning red-brown in autumn, and spherical acorns. To 30m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Quercus virginiana Mill.
Fully-hardy, small, wide-spreading, evergreen tree with oblong, usually entire leaves, glossy above whitish, hairy beneath. [RHSD, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Quisqualis indica L.
Frost tender, perennial climber, shrub-like when young, with sharply pointed, elliptic leaves, to 18cm long, and pendant terminal racemes of fragrant, slender-tubed flowers, to 7cm long, white on opening, then changing to pink, then purplish red with age, in summer and autumn. To 20m or more. [RHSE, Hortus].
Quisqualis pubescens Burm.f.
Quisqualis pubescens is now considered to be a form of Quisqualis indica L. which see. They are kept separate here for convenience. Johnson’s Dictionary describes it as a separate species from Guinea, with orange-red flowers. Don describes the flowers of Q. pubescens as like those of Q. indica.
Ranunculus asiaticus L.
Half-hardy, tuberous-rooted perennial buttercups with basal leaves and branching flower stems bearing 1-4 cup-shaped, red, pink, yellow or white flowers with purple-black centres in spring and summer. To 45cm. [RHSE, Hortus].
Rechsteineria rutila Kuntze
Tall, hairy gesneriad with crenate leaves and solitary scarlet, tubular flowers emerging from the leaf axial. To 1m. [RHSD].
Reinwardtia indica Dum.
Frost tender, open, erect to spreading shrub with elliptic, finely-toothed, green to greyish leaves, to 8cm long, and axillary clusters of funnel-shaped, bright gold-yellow flowers, to 5cm across, from autumn to spring. To 90cm. [RHSE, Hortus].
Renanthera coccinea Lour.
Frost-tender epiphytic orchid with a very long, branched inflorescence bearing many vermilion-red flowers, marked with yellow, in summer. [RHSD, Hortus].
Reseda odorata L.
Fully hardy, erect to slightly spreading perennial, usually grown as an annual, with loose, conical, raceme-like heads of tiny star-shaped, highly fragrant, yellowish-green or white to reddish-green flowers from summer to early autumn. To 60cm. The flowers have been prized for centuries for their fragrance, which lasts for months, even when cut and dried. It is still cultivated in France for the essential oils, which are used in perfumery. [RHSE, Hortus].
Reseda odorata L. var. frutescens Ker.
See Reseda odorata L. Frutescens is a shrubby variety growing to 60cm introduced from Egypt also in 1752. [RHSD].
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