Plants in the Hortus
Many of the plants described here were listed in the catalogues of plants published by Sir William Macarthur in 1843, 1845, 1850 and 1857 and in an unpublished catalogue dated 1861. A large number of additional plants were identified from correspondence, gardening notebooks and other documents surviving in the archives. The Hortus attempts to describe all the plants grown in the gardens at Camden Park and those grown in horticultural enterprises such as orchards and vineyards and includes plants grown outside the gardens in the park-like environs of the Camden Park estate. The Hortus plants served a wide range of purposes in the 19th century household; as ornament, living fences, fibre, dyestuffs, medicines, food and drink from the garden, orchard and vineyard and many others.
Sparaxis tricolor (Schneev.) Ker-Gawl.
Cormous perennial with basal fans of erect lance-shaped leaves and 1-5 stems of up to 6, flattish, widely funnel-shaped, usually orange, red or purple flowers, with a purple-black or dark red central mark, in spring and summer. A white form is also grown, with a yellow throat, edged with crimson-purple. To 40cm. [RHSE, CECB, Hortus].
Sparmannia africana L.f.
Frost tender, large shrub or small tree with vigorous, many-branched, hairy stems, rounded, shallowly palmately lobed leaves, to 21cm long, and umbels of up to 20 cup-shaped white flowers, to 4cm across, in spring and summer. To 6m. [RHSE, Hortus].
Spathodea species unidentified
Unidentified Spathodea or related genus, probably the plant listed as Spathodea rheedii in the 1857 catalogue. See Dolichandrone spathacea (L.f.) Schum.
Spathoglottis fortunei Lindl.
Frost-tender, terrestrial, rhizomatous orchid with pseudobulbs arising from the rhizomes, with a few deciduous leaves, and tall, slender racemes of yellow flowers, the lips spotted and marked with red, in autumn. [RHSD].
Spiloxene capensis (L.) Garside
Half-hardy cormous perennial with erect, narrow, linear basal leaves and, in spring, solitary, upward-facing, white or yellow flowers, with bright purple or green basal spots. To 20cm. [RHSE, Hortus, CECB].
Spiraea corymbosa Raf.
Fully-hardy, sparsely branched shrub with broadly elliptic leaves, to 7.5cm, often serrated at the tips, and rounded corymbs of white flowers. To 1m. [RHSD, Hortus].
Spiraea douglassii Hook.
Fully-hardy, vigorous, erect, thicket-forming, deciduous shrub with narrow, oblong leaves, to 10cm long, and dense terminal panicles, to 20cm long, of bowl-shaped, purple-pink flowers in summer. To 2.5m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Spiraea hypericifolia L.
Fully-hardy, dense, bushy shrub with arching branches, obovate leaves, sometimes 3-toothed at the ends, and white flowers produced in clusters along the branches in spring. To 1.8m. [RHSD, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. & Zucc. var. simplicifolia Nakai
See Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. & Zucc. flore pleno for more detail. Simplicifolia is the single flowered form of Spiraea prunifolia.
Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. & Zucc. var. florepleno
Fully-hardy, arching, deciduous shrub with ovate, finely-toothed leaves, to 4.5cm long, turning bronze-yellow in autumn, and stalkless corymbs, to 6cm across, of double white flowers in spring. To 2m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers'].
Spiraea tomentosa L.
Fully-hardy, small, vigorous, thicket-forming shrub with erect stems, covered in brownish felt when young, coarsely-toothed, ovate leaves, and dense, terminal panicles of purplish-rose flowers in summer. There is also a white form. To 1.5m. [RHSD, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames
A terrestrial orchid, usually found in a damp environment including peat bogs, with a basal rosette of narrow, lance-shaped leaves, to 16cm long and spirally twisted flower spike with pink flowers, to 45cm tall. [RHSD, Jones, FNSW, Pridgeon].
Sprekelia formosissima (L.) Herb.
Half-hardy bulbous perennial with strap-shaped leaves and solitary, bright scarlet to deep crimson lily-like flowers in spring. To 35 cm. A reliable plant in the open garden in most of Australia. [RHSE, Hortus, Baker Am.].
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl.
A frost tender, low, usually spreading shrub, often flushed purple, with fleshy, bluish leaves, to 8cm long, and tail-like inflorescences of light blue, tubular flowers. To 1.2m. [RHSD, Hortus].
Stachytarpheta mutabilis (Jacq.) Vahl.
Straggling evergreen shrub with tetragonal branches, leathery, serrated leaves, to 10cm, and stout, erect, tail-like inflorescences, to 60cm, of showy scarlet, crimson or red flowers, fading to pink. To 3m. [RHSD].
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