Plants in the Hortus
Many of the plants described here were listed in the catalogues of plants published by Sir William Macarthur in 1843, 1845, 1850 and 1857 and in an unpublished catalogue dated 1861. A large number of additional plants were identified from correspondence, gardening notebooks and other documents surviving in the archives. The Hortus attempts to describe all the plants grown in the gardens at Camden Park and those grown in horticultural enterprises such as orchards and vineyards and includes plants grown outside the gardens in the park-like environs of the Camden Park estate. The Hortus plants served a wide range of purposes in the 19th century household; as ornament, living fences, fibre, dyestuffs, medicines, food and drink from the garden, orchard and vineyard and many others.
Malus domestica ‘Sharland’s Favourite’
I have found no description of this apple in the contemporary literature.
Malus domestica ‘Spread-abroad’
I have found no description of this apple in the contemporary literature.
Malus domestica ‘St. Lawrence’
‘A small early dessert apple, of second-rate quality, it is of an oblate shape, yellow color [striped red], and is in use during August and September.’ [Hogg p.268/1851].
Malus domestica ‘Sturmer’s Pippin’
‘Fruit, below medium size, two inches and a quarter broad, by one inch and three quarters high; roundish, and somewhat flattened, and narrowing towards the apex, a good deal resembling the old Nonpariel. Skin, of a lively green color, changing to yellowish-green, as it attains maturity, and almost entirely covered with brown russet, with a tinge of dull red, on the side next the sun. Eye, small, and closed, set in a shallow, irregular, and angular basin. Stalk, three quarters of an inch long, straight, inserted in a round, even, and russety cavity. Flesh, yellow, firm, crisp, very juicy, with a brisk and rich sugary flavor. [Hogg p.189/1851].
Malus domestica ‘Supreme Crab’
Fruit; small, roundish. Skin; greenish yellow ripening to golden orange, with numerous small black dots and some russety warts. Flesh; firm, crisp, sweet, juicy, pleasant flavour. [HP pl.LXXV/1878].
Malus domestica ‘Sweet Rennet’
‘A green, Somersetshire apple, of middle size. It is an early variety, and bears well, but has not sufficient character to make good cider by itself.’ [HP].
Malus domestica ‘White Nonpareil’
Fruit; very similar to Nonpareil [which see]. Skin; greenish of yellowish green, covered with brownish-red tinge next the sun, sprinkled with russet dots and a thin coating of grey russet. flesh; greenish, tender, crisp, very juicy and sweet, rich flavour, but not as rich as Nonpareil. [HP pl.XXI/1878].
Malus domestica ‘White Spanish Reinette’
‘This extremely valuable variety stands in the first class of autumn fruits, and is very large; its form is roundish oblong; skin smooth, yellowish green, tinged with orange; flesh yellowish, crisp, and tender, with a very rich, sugary juice. It ripens in October, and keeps well as a fall apple.’ [FCM p.41/1845
Fruit; very large, oblato-oblong, angular sides. Skin; smooth, yellowish-green in the shade, orange next the sun, strewn with dark dots. Flesh; yellowish white, tender, juicy and sugary. ‘An apple of first rate quality suitable for dessert, but more especially for culinary purposes.’ Ripe between December and April. An excellent bearer. [HP pl.XVII/1878].
Malus domestica ‘Wilding Bitter-sweet’
Macarthur’s ‘Loseby’s Bitter-sweet’ may be similar to the apple described here ‘Wilding Bitter-sweet’. I have found no specific reference to the former.
Fruit; roundish ovate to conical, ribbed. Skin; pale yellow, tinged with green, strewn with russet dots. flesh; white and tender. Juice moderate in quantity, a deep amber colour and of a vapid, bitter-sweet taste. It makes a highly coloured, sweet cider. [HP pl.XLV/1878].
Malus domestica ‘Winter Pearmain’
Fruit middle-sized, regularly shaped, tapering a little from the base to the crown, which is a little narrowed. Eye small, and closed by the short segments of the calyx. Stalk short, slender, protruding a little beyond the base. Skin a grass green, with a little colour of a livid red on the sunny side, interspersed with a few dark specks, particularly on the produce of old trees, especially those which are encumbered with a profusion of wood. Flesh pale green, firm, crisp. Juice not plentiful, but saccharine, and of a slight aromatic flavour. A dessert apple from November till March.’ [George Lindley – Orchard Guide p.84/1831].
Malus domestica ‘Wood Rick’
I have found no description of this apple in the contemporary literature.
Malus domestica Borkh.
The Apple is a hardy deciduous tree with simple, ovate leaves, to 12cm long. The pink or white 5-petalled flowers are produced in clusters in spring together with the leaves. To 12m. [RHSD, Hortus and other sources].
Malus domestica ‘Downton Pippin’
‘The Downton Golden Pippin is a most abundant bearer, and the fruit extremely well adapted for market; it is rather larger than the common Golden Pippin; skin nearly smooth; yellow, sprinkled with numerous specks; flesh yellowish, crisp, with a brisk, rich, sub-acid juice; specific gravity 10.79. Ripe in October and November, and will keep until Christmas’. Listed under Autumn Fruit. [FCM p.40/1845]. The fruit is fit for the press in the middle of November but will keep until the spring. Free-growing and highly productive tree. Developed by Thomas Knight. [HP].
Malus spectabilis (Ait.) Borkh.
Fully-hardy, rounded tree with oval leaves, to 9cm long, and blush-pink flowers in spring, followed by yellow fruit, to 2.5cm across. To 10m. [RHSE, Hortus, Hilliers’].
Mandevilla crassinoda (Gardn.) Woodson.
Frost-tender, vigorous twining climber with lustrous leaves and racemes of deep rose-pink, funnel-shaped flowers in summer. [RHSD].
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