Plants in the Hortus
Many of the plants described here were listed in the catalogues of plants published by Sir William Macarthur in 1843, 1845, 1850 and 1857 and in an unpublished catalogue dated 1861. A large number of additional plants were identified from correspondence, gardening notebooks and other documents surviving in the archives. The Hortus attempts to describe all the plants grown in the gardens at Camden Park and those grown in horticultural enterprises such as orchards and vineyards and includes plants grown outside the gardens in the park-like environs of the Camden Park estate. The Hortus plants served a wide range of purposes in the 19th century household; as ornament, living fences, fibre, dyestuffs, medicines, food and drink from the garden, orchard and vineyard and many others.
Lilium longiflorum Thunb.
Half-hardy, vigorous stem-rooting lily with lance-shaped leaves and short racemes of 1-6 very fragrant, trumpet-shaped, pure white flowers with yellow anthers, in summer. To 1m. Widely grown for cut flowers. Excellent in containers. [RHS, Hortus].
Lilium longiflorum Thunb. var. eximium (Court.) Bak.
See Lilium longiflorum Thunb. for a description of the species. The variety eximium is known as the ‘Bermuda lily’ and is a taller, larger-flowered form. According to Grey it is distinguished chiefly by its more narrow and cylindrical perianth tube. It thrived out of doors in Bermuda and sparked a large commercial lily-growing industry, hence its common name. [Grey, Hortus].
Lilium maculatum Thunb.
Lilium maculatum is a stem-rooting, dwarf lily with lance-shaped leaves, to 15cm, flowering stems to 60cm, bearing cup-shaped, erect, yellow, orange or red flowers, variably spotted, in summer. It is unknown in the wild but was much cultivated in Japan and there are many named garden varieties. Possibly a hybrid of Lilium dauricum Ker-Gawl. and Lilium concolor Salisb., L. maculatum has given rise to a large number of very showy garden forms. See also Lilium dauricum Ker-Gawl. [RHSE, Hortus].
Lilium martagon L.
Fully-hardy, vigorous, clump-forming lily with purple or red-flushed stems, lance-shaped leaves borne mostly in whorls, and narrow racemes of up to 50, unpleasant-smelling, pendant, turkscap, pink to purplish-red flowers, with darker spotting, in summer. To 2m. [RHSE, Hortus].
Lilium philadelphicum L.
Fully-hardy, with lance-shaped leaves to 10cm, mostly in whorls of up to 8, and flower stems to 1.25m, bearing umbels of up to 5, cup-shaped, erect, vivid orange-scarlet blooms, with the edges rolled back and boldly spotted with dark maroon, in summer. [RHSD, Hortus].
Lilium pomponium L.
Fully-hardy, slender, stem-rooting lily with green, purple spotted stems and racemes of up to 6, unpleasantly scented, pendant, turkscap, bright red flowers in summer. To 1m. Also occurs in a double-flowered form. [RHSE, Hortus].
Lilium praecox Lodd. ex Steud.
Allen describes Lilium praecox as ‘a strong grower with pure white petals, slightly tinged with pink. Twelve to fifteen flowers per stem.’ [Allen]. I have been unable to find a more detailed description or make an accurate identification of this plant.
Lilium species unidentified [1]
An unidentified species, no description.
Lilium species unidentified [2]
An unidentified species, no description.
Lilium species unidentified [3]
An unidentified species, no description.
Lilium species unidentified [4]
An unidentified species, no description.
Lilium speciosum Thunb.
Fully-hardy, vigorous stem-rooting lily with scattered lance-shaped leaves and racemes of up to 12 large, fragrant, pendant, turkscap, pale pink or white flowers, flushed deeper pink in the centre, in summer and autumn. To 1.7m. Grey describes Lilium lancifolium of gardens as having ‘huge and fragrant nodding blooms, appearing in late summer, heavily suffused with pink, with white petal margins, and as many as 40-50 blooms per stem’. [RHSE, Hortus].
Lilium speciosum Thunb. var. album
See Lilium speciosum Thunb. for details. Album is a white flowered form with purple-brown stems. A number of white forms of Lilium speciosum still exist, including the variety ‘Album novum’. The existence of white forms adds weight to the argument for Lilium speciosum as the correct identification of Lilium lancifolium of the catalogues.
Lilium superbum L.
Fully-hardy stem-rooting lily with rhizomatous bulbs, purple-mottled stems and lance-shaped leaves mainly in dense whorls, and long racemes of up to 40 unscented, pendant, turkscap, reddish-orange flowers with maroon spots in summer and autumn. To 3m. [RHSE, Hortus].
Lilium wallichianum Schult.f.
Half hardy stem-rooting lily with stiff purple-tinged stems with scattered lance-shaped leaves to 25cm long, and umbels of up to 4 fragrant, trumpet-shaped, white or cream flowers tinged with yellow or green, in autumn. To 2m. [RHSE, Hortus].
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