Plants in the Hortus
Many of the plants described here were listed in the catalogues of plants published by Sir William Macarthur in 1843, 1845, 1850 and 1857 and in an unpublished catalogue dated 1861. A large number of additional plants were identified from correspondence, gardening notebooks and other documents surviving in the archives. The Hortus attempts to describe all the plants grown in the gardens at Camden Park and those grown in horticultural enterprises such as orchards and vineyards and includes plants grown outside the gardens in the park-like environs of the Camden Park estate. The Hortus plants served a wide range of purposes in the 19th century household; as ornament, living fences, fibre, dyestuffs, medicines, food and drink from the garden, orchard and vineyard and many others.
Prunus avium ‘Black Eagle’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Fruit large, growing generally by pairs or threes, many of which are flattened both at the apex and the base. Stalk long, slender. Skin deep purple, or nearly black. Flesh tender and bleeding. Juice very rich and high flavoured. Shoots very strong, with large leaves. Ripe the end of July or beginning of August.’ [George Lindley – Orchard Guide p.148/1831].
Prunus avium ‘Black Heart’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Fruit pretty large, growing, for the most part, singly, heart-shaped, a little flattened at the apex, compressed on one side, with a slight suture. Stalk one inch and a half long, slender. Skin of a dark purple approaching to black when fully ripe. Flesh pale red, rather firm, but mellow, with a rich well flavoured Juice. Ripe the end of July or beginning of August.’ [George Lindley – Orchard Guide p.149/1831].
Prunus avium ‘Black Tartarian’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Large, obtuse heart-shaped; surface irregular and uneven. Skin deep black. Stalk an inch and a half long. Flesh purplish, juicy, half tender, and rich. Stone small, roundish oval. Succeeds well against a wall, when it is ready by the end of June.’ [Hogg – Fruit Manual p.51/1860].
Prunus avium ‘Bleeding Heart’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. Above medium size, heart-shaped, broad at the stalk, and terminating at the apex in an acute, swollen point. Skin entirely covered with bright red. Stalk two inches long, slender. Flesh yellowish white, half-tender, juicy, and sweet. Beginning and middle of July. [Hogg – Fruit Manual p.55/1860 as ‘Gascoigne’s Heart’].
Prunus avium ‘Claremont’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. Flesh; white, soft, with very little stone [Bowman]. I have found no contemporary description of this variety.
Prunus avium ‘De Prusse’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. Probably the cherry ‘De Prusse’ listed by Don as ‘not so well known’, but not described.
Prunus avium ‘Downton’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Fruit usually growing singly, very blunt, heart-shaped, nearly round, a little flattened on one side, with a very small suture extending from the stalk to the apex. Stalk about two inches long, slender, deeply inserted. Skin pale yellowish, sprinkled with numerous red spots, with larger patches of dull red or morone on the sunny side. Flesh pale amber, transparent, tender, without any stain of red, adhering slightly to the stone. Juice very sweet and high flavoured. Ripe the middle and end of July.’ [George Lindley – Orchard guide p.151/1831].
Prunus avium ‘Elton’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Fruit usually growing singly, pretty large, heart-shaped, much resembling the Bigarreau, but much earlier. Stalk two inches and a quarter long, slender. Skin pale waxy yellow on the shaded side, mottled and dashed with rich red next the sun. Flesh firm, but less so than the Bigarreau; very sweet and rich. Ripe the beginning and middle of July, about the time of the May Duke, or soon after.’ [George Lindley – Orchard guide p.151/1831].
Prunus avium ‘Florence’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Large and obtuse heart-shaped. Skin pale amber, marbled with red, and mottled with bright red where exposed. Stalk two inches long, slender, deeply set. Flesh yellowish, firm, very juicy, sweet, and rich. Beginning and middle of August.’ [Hogg – Fruit Manual p.55/1860].
Prunus avium ‘Heart of Midlothian’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. I have found no record of this cherry.
Prunus avium ‘Knight’s Early Black’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Fruit large, blunt, heart-shaped, with an uneven surface like that of the Black Tartarian. Stalk two inches long, deeply inserted in a hollow, cup-shaped cavity, Skin of a dark dull red, when fully ripe almost black. Flesh firm, juicy, very deep purple, rich and high flavoured. Ripe a week or ten days earlier than the May Duke. On a south aspect, it will be ripe by the middle of June.’ [George Lindley – Orchard Guide p.153/1831].
Prunus avium ‘May Duke’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Large, roundish, inclining to oblate. Skin at first of a red-cornelian colour, but gradually becoming dark red, and ultimately almost black, as it ripens. Stalk about an inch and a half long. Flesh red, tender, juicy, and richly flavoured, with a fine, subdued acidulous smack. Beginning of July.’ [Hogg – Fruit Manual p.58/1860].
Prunus avium ‘Reine Hortense’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Very large, one inch and one-twelfth long and an inch wide, oblong, and compressed on the sides. Skin very thin and translucent, at first pale red, but assuming a bright cornelian red, and changing to dark brilliant red the longer it hangs. Stalk very slender, about two inches long. Flesh yellow, netted, very tender, and very juicy, with a sweet and agreeably acidulous juice. Middle of July.’ [Hogg – Fruit Manual p.61/1860].
Prunus avium ‘St. Margarets’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Of the largest size, obtuse heart-shaped, indented and uneven on its surface, and considerably flattened next the stalk; on one side marked with the suture. Skin at first dark red, but changing when fully ripe to dark blackish-purple. Stalk slender, an inch and a half to an inch and three quarters long. Flesh dark purple, adhering firmly to the stone, firm, sweet, and briskly sub-acid. End of July and beginning of August.’ [Hogg – Fruit Manual p.63/1860].
Prunus avium ‘Werder’s Early Black’
A cultivar of Prunus avium L. ‘Very large, obtuse heart-shaped, with a deep suture on one side. Skin tough, shining, deep black-purple. Stalk short and stout, about an inch and a half long. Flesh purplish red, tender, very juicy, and with a very sweet and rich flavour. Middle and end of June.’ [Hogg – Fruit Manual].
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